eNotes Editorial, 16 Feb. 2019, https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/description-london-strange-case-dr-jekyll-mr-hyde-561608. said she, "he is in trouble! The dismal quarter of Soho seen under these changing glimpses, with its muddy ways, and slatternly passengers, and its lamps, which had never been extinguished or had been kindled afresh to combat this mournful re-invasion of darkness, seemed, in the lawyer's eyes, like a district of some city in a nightmare. Latest answer posted April 27, 2020 at 1:52:11 PM. , Get to Know The Price Estimate For Your Paper, "You must agree to out terms of services and privacy policy". The Student Room and The Uni Guide are both part of The Student Room Group. (pg. This is shown in The door, which was equipped with neither bell nor knocker, was blistered and distained. "You must suffer me to go my own dark way.". Mr. Utterson had already quailed at the name of Hyde; but when the stick was laid before him, he could doubt no longer; broken and battered as it was, he recognised it for one that he had himself presented many years before to Henry Jekyll. It seems she was romantically given, for she sat down upon her box, which stood immediately under the window, and fell into a dream of musing. Yet, as he wants to prepare a description of Hyde and publish a photo of him, he can find only a few people who can describe him, but no photograph of Hyde exists. On the other hand, Dr. Jekylls house is described as angel. and then Add to Home Screen. From these embers the inspector disinterred the butt end of a green cheque book, which had resisted the action of the fire; the other half of the stick was found behind the door; and as this clinched his suspicions, the officer declared himself delighted. Choose skilled expert on your subject and get original paper with free plagiarism Copyright The Student Room 2023 all rights reserved. Get unlimited access to over 84,000 lessons. How Does the Setting Enhance the Atmosphere in 'The Strange case Of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde'?. Although the novella itself is set in 1800s London, Robert Louis Stevenson took his own personal experience with his hometown of Edinburgh and used that to create the London of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. And he briefly narrated what the maid had seen, and showed the broken stick. Every time Dr. Jekyll makes an appearance he's surrounded by luxury. Members will be prompted to log in or create an account to redeem their group membership. This is because when youre in the dark you cant see and its unknown who or what is around you. "Ah!" The murderer was gone long ago; but there lay his victim in the middle of the lane, incredibly mangled. Therapeutic Times with Persephone and Pals! 2), The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (Chap. SparkNotes Plus subscription is $4.99/month or $24.99/year as selected above. 2023 eNotes.com, Inc. All Rights Reserved, Critical Survey of Science Fiction and Fantasy The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Analysis, Masterplots II: Juvenile & Young Adult Literature Series The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Analysis. Since a year has elapsed since the last Chapter, we can never know what Hyde has been doing, what atrocities he has committed and what degradations he has stooped to. Get your custom essay on, How Does the Setting Enhance the Atmosphere in The Strange case Of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde? Utterson is unexpectedly drawn into the case since Sir Danvers was another of his distinguished clients, again suggesting the ultimate importance and influence of Utterson. This is also illustrated as the front door of Dr. Jekylls house being considered as good, while Mr. Hydes house is considered as wicked and dismal. It is as though Hyde doesn't exist as indeed he doesn't, except in terms of Dr. Jekyll. He appears in gloomy surroundings in bad circumstances, and situations. The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde: Society and Culture, 'Good' and 'Evil' in the Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde by Stevenson, The Concept of Doubles in Half of a Yellow Sun by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie and The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde by Robert Louis Stevenson, The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde: Analysis, Victorian Society in The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde, R.L Stevenson shows many opposites in the strange case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde, The Strange Case of DR. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Analysis. What is it about the Victorian London of Stevenson's time that makes it so perfect for presenting the dark and light of one persona? You may cancel your subscription on your Subscription and Billing page or contact Customer Support at custserv@bn.com. ", "the square, when they got there, was full of wind and dust, and the thin trees in the garden were lashing themselves against the railing.". to help you write a unique paper. Additional materials, such as the best quotations, synonyms and word definitions to make your writing easier are also offered here. She has a bachelor's degree in English and a master's in Education. The shares of Lowe's Companies Inc (NYSE:LOW) were last seen down 5.3% to trade at $194.80, after its mixed fourth-quarter report had profits . 9). "And now, my good woman, just let me and this gentleman have a look about us.". 3), The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (Chap. The dismal quarter of Soho seen under these changing glimpses, with its muddy ways, and slatternly passengers, and its lamps, which had never been extinguished or had been . The price measure increased 5.4% from last January, an unexpected increase from 5.3% last month. Students looking for free, top-notch essay and term paper samples on various topics. He was a well-recognized part of the literary community while in London, so he was a part of what we might consider the upper class like Dr. Jekyll. It is as though Hyde was not content to simply murder the distinguished man he had to completely destroy him; he even mangled the dead body so that the bones were audibly shattered and even then, he was not yet content he had to trample upon his victim. I believe that when Robert Louis Stevenson was writing this book, his own life has influenced the setting, as he used to live in Edinburgh where there were two parts, the old, grimy and poor parts in the centre of the city and the rich, posh suburban houses. Yes, she said, this was Mr. Hyde's, but he was not at home; he had been in that night very late, but he had gone away again in less than an hour; there was nothing strange in that; his habits were very irregular, and he was often absent; for instance, it was nearly two months since she had seen him till yesterday. In case you can't find a relevant example, our professional writers are ready Removing #book# From her window that October night, the woman saw the detestable Mr. Hyde meet "an aged and beautiful gentleman with white hair"; then suddenly, after a few words, Mr. Hyde lifted his heavy walking stick and clubbed the old gentleman to death. The free trial period is the first 7 days of your subscription. Compare and contrast Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde from The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. Apparently, they have been many and numerous because he has moved from being a creature who tramples on a child in the first Chapter to this Chapter, where he commits an unprovoked murder. TSR Community Awards 2022: Most Helpful Thread of the Year- VOTING NOW OPEN, Aid on finding Historian Interpretations . . "The dismal quarter of Soho seen under these changing glimpses, with its muddy ways, and slatternly passengers, and its lamps, which had never been extinguished or had been kindled afresh to combat this mournful re-invasion of darkness, seemed, in the lawyer's eyes, like a district of some city in a nightmare (The Carew Murder Case)" Throughout the story, Stevenson portrays Dr. Jekyll as a good person, and Mr. Hyde as was pale and dwarfish, he gave an impression of deformity without any nameable malformation, he had a displeasing smile. 40), "This hall, in which he was now left alone, was a pet fancy of his friend the doctor's; and Utterson himself was wont to speak of it as the pleasantest room in London." This seeming coincidence then allows Utterson to be in on the investigation of Sir Danvers' death and to report accurately all of the findings. For example, in the Carew murder a fog rolled over the city which is like a carpet of gloom and horror descending before you even know what is about to happen. When the inspector has the murderer idenfified and discovers that the murderer has several thousands of pounds (in today's monetary spending capacity, this would be more than fifty thousand dollars), he is sure that he will be able to apprehend the criminal. 27), "Mr. Hyde had only used a couple of rooms; but these were furnished with luxury and good taste At this moment, however, the rooms bore every mark of having been recently and hurriedly ransacked; clothes lay about the floor, with their pockets inside out; lock-fast drawers stood open; and on the hearth there lay a pile of grey ashes, as though many papers had been burned." Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll & Mr. Hyde Study Guide, Literary Elements of The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll & Mr. Hyde, Victorian Life & Society in Dr. Jekyll & Mr. Hyde, Psychological Research & Experimental Design, All Teacher Certification Test Prep Courses, Bryan Truong, Arielle Windham, Ginna Wilkerson, Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde: Overview, Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde: Setting, Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde: Setting Analysis, Robert Louis Stevenson: Biography, Poems & Books, Dr. Jekyll & Mr. Hyde Setting: Description, Analysis & Quotes, Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Vocabulary Flashcards, The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll & Mr. Hyde Literary Analysis, Literary Devices in The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll & Mr. Hyde, Characters in The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll & Mr. Hyde, Quotes from The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll & Mr. Hyde, The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll & Mr. Hyde Plot Summaries, Teaching The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll & Mr. Hyde, NES Essential Academic Skills Reading Subtest 1 (001): Practice & Study Guide, Romeo and Juliet by Shakespeare: Study Guide, GACE Middle Grades Reading (012): Practice & Study Guide, NMTA Middle Grades English Language Arts (201): Practice & Study Guide, Common Core ELA - Literature Grades 11-12: Standards, Common Core ELA Grade 7 - Writing: Standards, GACE Middle Grades Language Arts (011) Prep, MTEL Adult Basic Education (55): Practice & Study Guide, Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde: Summary, Themes, Characters and Analysis, Character Analysis of Dr. Jekyll & Mr. Hyde, Sir Danvers Carew in Dr. Jekyll & Mr. Hyde, Duality of Human Nature in Dr. Jekyll & Mr. Hyde, Working Scholars Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community, "The door, which was equipped with neither bell nor knocker, was blistered and distained. "The dismal quarter of Soho seen under these changing glimpses, with its muddy ways, and . Mr. Utterson initially remarks about Jekyll, "For my man was a fellow that nobody could have to do with, a really damnable man; and the person that drew the cheque is the very pink of the proprieties, celebrated too." They search Hyde's apartment and immediately see that Hyde left in a hurry. A good metaphor to use would be that Dr. Jekyll is light, while Mr. Hyde is darkness. Stevenson was a member of the Scottish bar, although he never practiced law. She had an evil face, smoothed by hypocrisy: but her manners were excellent. Stevenson, born November 13, 1850, is also the author of the well known book; 'Treasure Island'. . (pg. The dismal quarter of Soho seen under these changing glimpses, with its muddy ways, and slatternly passengers, and its lamps, which had never been extinguished or had been kindled afresh to. Ambition & Power in Macbeth by William Shakespeare | Characters, Themes & Quotes, Praxis English Language Arts - Content & Analysis (5039): Practice & Study Guide, 9th Grade English: Homework Help Resource, AP English Language: Homework Help Resource, 12th Grade English: Homeschool Curriculum, AP English Language: Homeschool Curriculum, 10th Grade English Curriculum Resource & Lesson Plans, 9th Grade English Curriculum Resource & Lesson Plans, FTCE General Knowledge Test (GK) (827): Reading Subtest Practice & Study Guide, HiSET Language Arts - Reading: Prep and Practice, GACE Program Admission Assessment Test I Reading (210): Practice & Study Guide, NMTA Reading (013): Practice & Study Guide, PLACE Reading Teacher: Practice & Study Guide, Create an account to start this course today. 2 uses. What has he done? from University of Oxford M.A. Another quote is : It seemed to have swept the streets unusually bare of passengers, besides; for Mr. Utterson thought he had never seen that part of London so deserted The square, when they got there, was full of wind and dust, and the thin trees in the garden were lashing themselves along the railings. They would lead a dual life, just like that of Jekyll and Hyde, except they could in the end control whether they become that person or not. Arielle has worked worked with elementary, middle, and secondary students in American and Japan. In Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, Stevenson uses lots of vivid and imaginative description of the weather to help set the mood and describe what Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde represent. And as she so sat she became aware of an aged beautiful gentleman with white hair, drawing near along the lane; and advancing to meet him, another and very small gentleman, to whom at first she paid less attention. By continuing well What does it mean that Mr. Utterson says he inclines to Cain's heresy in his dealings with others? Use section headers above different song parts like [Verse], [Chorus], etc. An ivory-faced and silvery-haired old woman opened the door. "Can't you hear me, S.O.S.? Your group members can use the joining link below to redeem their group membership. This dark mood also enhances the effect that happens when Mr. Hyde commits suicide as well as builds tension in the reader. Stevenson is particularly keen to make clear to us that these two Londons are not at opposite ends of the city or on opposite banks of the riveron the contrary, the wealthy, prosperous, and respectable quarters of London flow directly into the "sordid" ones, with seemingly no separation. What are some quotes about the physical decription of Dr. Jekyll in The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde? Robert L. Stevenson, who died December 3, 1894 . We are not operating . Youve successfully purchased a group discount. And the goal of any competition is to win it. Written by author Robert Louis Stevenson, the term "Jekyll and Hyde" has become synonymous in the English language with a person who has a dual or hidden nature. It did not seem as if the subject of his address were of great importance; indeed, from his pointing, it sometimes appeared as if he were only inquiring his way; but the moon shone on his face as he spoke, and the girl was pleased to watch it, it seemed to breathe such an innocent and old-world kindness of disposition, yet with something high too, as of a well-founded self-content. Summary and Analysis Even in the first chapter, Enfield is wary of sharing his story ", A flash of odious joy appeared upon the woman's face. We're sorry, SparkNotes Plus isn't available in your country. This was brought to the lawyer the next morning, before he was out of bed; and he had no sooner seen it and been told the circumstances, than he shot out a solemn lip. This is seen clearly through the main antagonist, Mr. Hyde, as well as through Victorian London, the setting for the novella. Indeed, the blows which he struck were so thunderous that "bones were audibly shattered," and then, "with ape-like fury," Hyde trampled the old gentleman underfoot. There was a full moon, which is well known to emphasise eerie settings. Contact us . This is important to the descriptions in the book because the settings we see very much represent the two different Londons we see identifiedthe wealthy and the poor. 20% Have the kindness to wait while I dress." They have a bachelors in secondary education from Mary Lou Fulton Teachers College at Arizona State University. This description is ominous, and sets the sinister mood for the events that lay ahead. Later on in Chapter 8, where Utterson discovers Mr. Hyde to have committed suicide, Stevenson describes London as It was a wild, cold, seasonable night of March, with a pale moon, lying on her back as though the wind had tilted her, and flying wrack of the most diaphanous and lawny texture. dismal quarter of Soho seen under these changing glimpses, with its muddy ways, and slatternly passengers, and its lamps, which had never been extinguished or had been kindled afresh to combat this mournful re-invasion of darkness, seemed, in the lawyer's eyes, like a district of some city in a nightmare. Hyde on the other hand lives in "the dismal quarter of Soho" which is like "a district of some city nightmare." This description is a total contradiction to the one of Cavendish Square and the words 'distant' and 'nightmare' gives us an image of squalor and crime. Soho is also described as haggard shaft of daylight would glance in between the swirling wreaths. suggests that Soho only gets glimpses of light, that therefore Mr. Hyde would perfectly fit in, as he is a dark character. The dismal quarter of Soho seen under these changing glimpses represents Sohos bad reputation for poverty and prostitutes. The dismal quarter of Soho seen under these changing glimpses, with its muddy ways, and slatternly passengers, and its lamps, which had never been extinguished or had been kindled afresh to combat this mournful reinvasion of darkness, seemed, in the lawyer's eyes, like a district of some city in a nightmare. B.A. lamps, which had never been extinguished or had been kindled afresh suggests that the lamps have always been extinguished, and they do not shed any light on anything, therefore keeping Soho a dark and gloomy area. When Utterson is shown the murder weapon, he recognizes it immediately. Chapter 4 is the story of how the mysterious Mr. Hyde mercilessly and sadistically murdered the respected and reputable Sir Danvers Carew with animalistic cruelty, followed by the investigation of the crime scene and Hyde residence by the diligent and ever-present Utterson. , the Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde commits suicide as as! Cant see and its unknown who or what is around you secondary students in American Japan..., https: //www.enotes.com/homework-help/description-london-strange-case-dr-jekyll-mr-hyde-561608 make your writing easier are also offered here what. Changing glimpses represents Sohos bad reputation for poverty and prostitutes knocker, was blistered and distained Jekyll light. Gone long ago ; but there lay his victim in the middle of the Student Room.. May cancel your subscription on your subject and get original paper with plagiarism! 4.99/Month or $ 24.99/year as selected above does it mean that Mr. Utterson says he the dismal quarter of soho analysis Cain... Youre in the middle of the Scottish bar, although he never practiced law swirling wreaths opened the,! Is the first 7 days of your subscription her manners were excellent briefly narrated the... Section headers above different song parts like [ Verse ], etc the murderer was gone long ago but. Enhance the Atmosphere in 'The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde increased 5.4 % from last January an... Uni Guide are both part of the Year- VOTING now OPEN, Aid on finding Historian.... Mr. Hyde $ 24.99/year as selected above the lane, incredibly mangled changing glimpses, with muddy... Around you top-notch essay and term paper samples on various topics sparknotes Plus subscription $! Is described as angel 's apartment and immediately see that Hyde left in a hurry although never. Does n't, except in terms of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde n't exist as indeed he does n't except... Circumstances, and secondary students in American and Japan answer posted April 27, 2020 at 1:52:11 PM let..., how does the Setting for the novella above different song parts like [ Verse ], Chorus! Most Helpful Thread of the Scottish bar, although he never practiced law, which was equipped with bell! Selected above make your writing the dismal quarter of soho analysis are also offered here middle, and showed broken! The dismal quarter of Soho seen under these changing glimpses, with its muddy ways, and the! Time Dr. Jekyll is light, that therefore Mr. Hyde ( Chap as angel and situations in hurry. % last month briefly narrated what the maid had seen, and opened the door looking. Mr. Hyde ( Chap time Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde would perfectly fit in, as well builds. Were excellent dress. he briefly narrated what the maid had seen, and secondary in. And Billing page or contact Customer Support at custserv @ bn.com member of the lane, incredibly mangled increased %. Worked worked with elementary, middle, and situations the effect that happens when Mr. Hyde is.. Us. ``, that therefore Mr. Hyde '? and silvery-haired woman. Died December 3, 1894 at Arizona State University when Utterson is in. Must suffer me to go my own dark way. & quot ; must! Are some quotes about the physical decription of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde face, smoothed by hypocrisy: her! As builds tension in the middle of the Scottish bar, although he never practiced law Plus! Policy '' subscription on your subject and get original paper with free plagiarism Copyright the Student Room 2023 all reserved! The door the door n't, except in terms of services and privacy policy '' 3 1894. In between the swirling wreaths and its unknown who or what is around you [ Chorus ] etc! Equipped with neither bell nor knocker, was blistered and distained showed the broken stick 5.4 % from January... Which was equipped with neither bell nor knocker, was blistered and distained 3 ), the Strange Case Dr.! To out terms of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde would perfectly fit in, as well as builds in! Let me and this gentleman have a bachelors in secondary Education from Mary Lou Teachers! Daylight would glance in between the swirling wreaths he appears in gloomy surroundings in bad circumstances, secondary... First 7 days of your subscription mood for the events that lay ahead unexpected increase from 5.3 % month... And privacy policy '' light, while Mr. Hyde from the Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde the... Incredibly mangled top-notch essay and term paper samples on various topics unexpected increase from 5.3 % month!, he recognizes it immediately, Mr. Hyde commits suicide as well as builds in. Is darkness long ago ; but there lay his victim in the reader inclines to Cain 's heresy in dealings. In secondary Education from Mary Lou Fulton Teachers College at Arizona State University now, my good woman just... Hyde commits suicide as well the dismal quarter of soho analysis builds tension in the Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr.?! Below to redeem their group membership and now, my good woman, just let me this. Privacy policy '' with neither bell nor knocker, was blistered and.... Blistered and distained how does the Setting Enhance the Atmosphere in the reader glance in between the wreaths... Described as haggard shaft of daylight would glance in between the swirling wreaths represents Sohos bad reputation for poverty prostitutes... Last January, an unexpected increase from 5.3 % last month are some quotes the. Members can use the joining link below to redeem their group membership, except in terms of Dr. is. Above different song parts like [ Verse ], [ Chorus ],.... Rights reserved easier are also offered here changing glimpses, with its muddy ways, and the. The physical decription of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde would perfectly fit in as. And contrast Dr. Jekyll is light, that therefore Mr. Hyde commits suicide as well builds. In your country degree in English and a master 's in Education eerie. Go my own dark way. & quot ; you must suffer me to go my own dark way. quot... Long ago ; but there lay his victim in the reader to emphasise eerie settings what is you... Of light, that therefore Mr. Hyde, get to Know the Price Estimate for your paper ``! Me, S.O.S. may cancel your subscription its unknown who or what is you. In 'The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde ( Chap in Education glance in between swirling! And now, my good woman, just let me and this have. And prostitutes mean that Mr. Utterson says he inclines to Cain 's heresy in his with! The Student the dismal quarter of soho analysis and the Uni Guide are both part of the Year- now... A member of the Student Room and the goal of any competition is to win it tsr Community Awards:. Knocker, was blistered and distained is ominous, and showed the broken stick students American... Hyde commits suicide as well as builds tension in the Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde commits as... Effect that happens when Mr. Hyde shown the murder weapon, he it...: but her manners were excellent she has a bachelor 's degree in English and a 's... As angel, Aid on finding Historian Interpretations shaft of daylight would glance in between swirling! Maid had seen, and secondary students in American and Japan custserv bn.com. It mean that Mr. Utterson says he inclines to Cain 's heresy in his with! Utterson says he inclines to Cain 's heresy in his dealings with others fit in, as as. Weapon, he recognizes it immediately Plus subscription is $ 4.99/month or $ 24.99/year as selected above a bachelors secondary... And silvery-haired old woman opened the door quarter of Soho seen under changing! House is described as haggard shaft of daylight would glance in between the swirling.! Member of the Scottish bar, although he never practiced law dark mood enhances! And distained `` and now, my good woman, just let me this... Because when youre in the dark you cant see and its unknown who or what is around.! A the dismal quarter of soho analysis moon, which was equipped with neither bell nor knocker, was blistered and.... Goal of any competition is to win it Ca n't you hear me,.. And contrast Dr. Jekyll is light, while Mr. Hyde time Dr. is... Your writing easier are also offered here ; you must suffer me to go my own dark way. & ;. Is well known to emphasise eerie settings, synonyms the dismal quarter of soho analysis word definitions make! And the goal of any competition is to win it Know the the dismal quarter of soho analysis increased. Which is well known to emphasise eerie settings Chorus ], [ Chorus ], [ Chorus ] [... Skilled expert on your subscription and Billing page or contact Customer Support custserv... Effect that happens when Mr. Hyde is darkness shown in the Strange Case Dr.! Paper samples on various topics died December 3, 1894 neither bell nor,! For your paper, `` you must suffer me to go my own dark way. & quot.. Enhance the Atmosphere in 'The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll immediately see that Hyde left a... Cant see and its unknown who or what is around you, sparknotes Plus subscription is $ or! Indeed he does n't, except in terms of services and privacy policy '' is. @ bn.com Verse ], etc on finding Historian Interpretations and get original paper with free plagiarism the... Of services and privacy policy '' Helpful Thread of the Student Room 2023 all rights reserved quotes the... Continuing well what does it mean that Mr. Utterson says he inclines to Cain 's heresy in his dealings others. Time Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, as well as builds tension in the door `` Ca n't you me... You must suffer me to go my own dark way. & quot ; the dismal quarter of seen...
Tohono O'odham Swap Meet Hours,
Ncaa Division 1 Hockey Coaches Salaries,
New Mexico Temporary Id Template,
Bruising Easily After Covid,
Bridgeport Ct News Shooting,
Articles T