The influenza virus rarely caused death on its own; death followed because of the body’s immunological reaction to the virus. [244][245] Worobey traced recent references to that article to family members who had retained slides that Rolland had prepared during that time. The Governor served as the chairman of the Council, with the Lieutenant Governor and the members of the Military Board as other council members. The Spanish flu, also known as the 1918 flu pandemic, was an unusually deadly influenza pandemic caused by the H1N1 influenza A virus. About 80% of the deaths caused by swine flu … [240], One of the few things known for certain about influenza in 1918 and for some years after was that it was, except in the laboratory, exclusively a disease of human beings. But those numbers pale in comparison to the tide of death that swept across Oklahoma and much of the world in 1918 when experts estimate as many as 100 million perished from the virus, 675,000 of them in the United States. [57] New York City alone reported 6,374 deaths between December 1919 and April 1920, almost twice the number of the first wave in spring 1918. [137] In Sweden, 34,000 died. [4] A 2006 study in The Lancet also noted that Indian provinces had excess mortality rates ranging from 2.1% to 7.8%, stating: "Commentators at the time attributed this huge variation to differences in nutritional status and diurnal fluctuations in temperature. [121] Misinformation would also spread along with the disease. [26] After the signing of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (March 1918), Germany started releasing Russian prisoners of war, who then brought the disease to their country. The 1918 influenza pandemic, also known as the Spanish flu, was the deadliest epidemic in world history. [89] A 2005 estimate put the death toll at 50 million (about 3% of the global population), and possibly as high as 100 million (more than 5%). How the Pandemic Affected Your Ancestors Med. Sources: Green Bay Press Gazette, October 31, 1918, 2. [185] Social status was also reflected in the higher mortality among immigrant communities, with Italian Americans, a recently arrived group at the time, were nearly twice as likely to die compared to the average Americans. [129] With a world population of 1.8 to 1.9 billion,[130] these estimates correspond to between 1 and 6 percent of the population. 7 in Schuykill County and that it be made permanent as Mr. Chris Stule, Chairmain of Board No. [67], A 2009 study in Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses found that Spanish flu mortality simultaneously peaked within the two-month period of October and November 1918 in all fourteen European countries analyzed, which is inconsistent with the pattern that researchers would expect if the virus had originated somewhere in Europe and then spread outwards. Their modeling results showed that all three factors are important, but human behavioral responses showed the most significant effects. Influenza is caused by a virus that is transmitted from person to person through airborne respiratory secretions. Oct. 3, 1918. [19], Alternative names were also used at the time of the pandemic. This paper focuses on the unusually high young adult mortality observed during the Spanish flu pandemic of 1918. Shortly after the outbreak in Boston, a Navy ship from Boston docked in Philadelphia. Series 10.31, General File, 1917-1920. [165] Almost a quarter of the working population of Kimberley, consisting of workers in the diamond mines, died. In Iran, the mortality was very high: according to an estimate, between 902,400 and 2,431,000, or 8% to 22% of the total population died. The Flu Epidemic of 1918: accounts from local diaries Written by Joel Alderfer on March 25, 2020. 1918-19 Influenza Victims. 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