The list of personalities that endorse Nike products is dominated by famous athletes, many of whom are destined for their respective sport's hall of fame. District judges determine the appropriate punishment and sentence those convicted of crimes. The bar association has conducted similar studies of caseloads and systemic weaknesses in Colorado, Indiana, Louisiana, Missouri, New Mexico and Rhode Island. Monitor journalism changes lives because we open that too-small box that most people think they live in. Defendants with assigned counsel, however, receive less favorable outcomes compared to their counterparts with public defenders. You have not finished your quiz. In order to see the dynamics at play, it is crucial to understand how the modern conception of the public defender originated. The Church and the King What is one of the most important tasks of defense attorneys? Read: How Americans lost the right to counsel, 50 years after 'Gideon. Established by statute in 1978, the inspector general is a relatively independent government office tasked with neutrally assessing whether members of the executive branch have violated constitutional principles. The Judge. Pretrial and Probation Officers assist the judges in gathering specific information about defendants in criminal cases. Defending unpopular clients is the basis for a great deal of criticism of lawyers. c The National Army Head Quarters, a symbol of royal power and a storehouse of weapons A judge had recently dismissed three serious felony cases, Schmidt wrote. Calculate the firm's cost of goods sold (COGS). At which of the following stages in the criminal justice process is an indigent defendant not guaranteed counsel paid for by the government? The lack of an entity to address the attorneys dismissal is a fundamental flaw in a system meant to protect the powerless from the powerful. How many systems are there for providing indigents with court-appointed attorneys? Prosecutors in Oregon and elsewhere also aren't happy. The Church took most of the money in France Who eventually took over France, and claimed to be Emperor and also to save the democratic ideas of the Revolution? The director of the agency that oversees public defenders in Oregon, Stephen Singer of the Office of Public Defense Services, declined to comment. 1. a Statelines team of veteran journalists provides daily reporting and analysis on trends in state policy. Explanation: Perhaps the reason why this occurs is because the defendants do not feel represented by the public defender. At which of the following stages in the criminal justice is in an indigent defendant provided counsel paid by the government? We have a mission beyond circulation, we want to bridge divides. They were frustrated with the King's unwillingness to listen. This emphasis in Mr. Bidens judicial nominations comes at a time when approaches to criminal justice are undergoing a profound reassessment particularly at the local level following recent civil rights protests. "The better answer or better alternative is for prosecutors to stop prosecuting so many cases so there won't be the need for as many public defenders as there are now," Williamson said. The Church, The King, and The Nobles In which case was it decided that juveniles are covered by the Sixth Amendment's right to counsel? U.S. a a c Pew addresses the challenges of a changing world by illuminating issues, creating common ground, and advancing ambitious projects that lead to tangible progress. Judge Jackson would be the first former public defender to sit on the nations highest court. Want to know more about a career as aU.S. the Court declared that lawyers in criminal courts are necessities, not luxuries, The method by which defense attorneys seek to reach the best possible solution for their clients is directly related to their relationships with other members of. Some have waited weeks for a lawyer, others have waited months. There is a Federal Public Defender for each of the federal districts. A report released in January by the American Bar Association suggested that Oregon has only about a third of the defense attorneys necessary to represent criminal defendants. It is a problem that we created, that belongs to us, that arises directly from our legacy of slavery.". Other research published in the Yale Law Journal confirms these unequal attorney outcomes for serious cases such as murder, while some academic work has raised the issue of whether unequal treatment because of attorney assignment may constitute a civil rights violation. Defending unpopular clients is the basis for a great deal of criticism of lawyers. Many criminal defendants are legally indigent, meaning they can't afford to pay for an attorney. (The definition of indigency varies by state and, sometimes, city or county.) They transport defendants who are in custody to and from their court hearings and trials. Obtaining clients is only half of the problem facing private attorneys who represent criminal clients. What did the French citizens storm (or attack) that began the French Revolution? In which case did the US Supreme Court hold the indigent defendants charged with a felony are entitled to the services of a lawyer paid for by the government? In the landmark 1963 Supreme Court decision Gideon v. Wainwright, which overturned a previous high-court ruling, Justice Hugo Black wrote for the majority that persons at all levels of the court system are entitled to this right: [Earlier] precedents, but also reason and reflection, require us to recognize that, in our adversary system of criminal justice, any person haled into court, who is too poor to hire a lawyer, cannot be assured a fair trial unless counsel is provided for him. ", "Restoring functionality to our criminal justice system will require emergency investments at all links of this chain," he wrote. They usually have an attorney to represent them, though some defendants represent themselves. Those arrestees sometimes agree, without any legal advice, to plea . Which of the following statements is true regarding the U.S Supreme Court's decision in Gideon v Wainwright? In 2005, the U.S. Supreme Court indicated in Roper v. Reason and Human Freedom a The text is taken from The Marshals Service is a law enforcement agency, and thus works for the executive branch of government rather than the judiciary, though it provides a valuable service to the courts. My work in Kenya, for example, was heavily influenced by a Christian Science Monitor article I had forced myself to read 10 years earlier. (1992) concluded that defendants with public defenders were at a disadvantage in that they were more likely to be incarcerated or to In a civil case, the party bringing the law suit is called the plaintiff. He also represents the plaintiffs in the Oregon case. He assassinated in his palace near Paris Many defendants view the public defender as similar to what other courtroom actor? The center and other groups filed the lawsuit on behalf of people awaiting attorneys. Youll get the Monitor Weekly magazine, the Monitor Daily email, and unlimited access to CSMonitor.com. The story is little . In a criminal case, the accused person is called the defendant. "And if it's going to damage my clients to take more cases, I can't do it. d Marshal? a The Middle Class and the King What problems were caused by the weaknesses of the united states government under the artices of confederation? Attorneys are experienced lawyers who investigate and prosecute federal crimes. The federal judge who presides in the courtroom may be an Article III Judge or a Magistrate Judge, depending on the type of case. Which of the following is true about these differing ways of providing indigents with court appointed atto, studies find no major differences between these three systems in results achieved. Also known as a stenographer, this persons job is to make an accurate record of everything that is said in the courtroom during the course of trials. studies find no major differences between these three systems in results achieved. Drawing a good attorney in the random assignment process can save a defendant several months of incarceration, on average, write authors David S. Abrams and Albert H. Yoon. This form of advocacy is critical to achieving the kind of reform protesters are currently demanding, calling attention to the racism and classism that have permeated the criminal-justice arena for centuries. Most lawyers practice civil law because it is more_______, The right to self-representation is also referred to by the Latin term, Defending unpopular clients is the basis for a great deal of ____ lawyers. Which aspect of medieval society plays the biggest role in the literary significance of the bayeux tapestry? Use the Demand Creation Expense section in Note 1 of Nike's financial statements in Appendix B, to answer the following questions. The three major ways of providing indigents with court appointed attorneys are: (1) assigned counsel, (2) contract systems, and (3) public defender. What is the term for protected statements between an attorney and client? It's an 'all of us' problem. The King Louis XVI A meeting or assembly of the nobles and King PORTLAND, Ore. On any given day in Oregon jails, 40 or so people remain in . Many public defenders . This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. caseload and poor organization of public defender offices place indigent defendants at a disadvantage with regard to case outcomes. b Click here. b Many defendants view the public defender as similar to what other courtroom actor? How does Nike expense endorsement payments. Several hundred more people charged with crimes but not in jail also await their constitutional right to counsel. If youre looking for bran muffin journalism, you can subscribe to the Monitor for $15. HKS will never sell your email address or other information to a third party. In cities like San Francisco, St. Louis, and Philadelphia, district attorneys who were once public defenders are instituting standards for what crimes to prosecute, how to sentence, and when to impose bail. A general named Maximilien Robespierre. The three major ways of providing indigents with court appointed attorneys are: (1) assigned counsel, (2) contract systems, and (3) public defender. Marie Antoinette That may be by design. d "People go to court over and over often on a four- to six-week cycle," Haile said. Self (pro se)/other 0.4 --Private attorney 17.6 --Assigned counsel 13.7 --Public defender 68.3% --75 largest counties Felons Misdemeanants Percent of defendants In State courts in the largest counties, 3 in 4 defendants with either court-appointed or private counsel were convicted; in Federal courts 9 in 10 felony defendants with public or . Sharing charts, maps, and more to show who Americans are, how policy affects the everyday, and how we can use data to make a difference. Lawyers who are less cooperative find that they do not get _____ case scheduling considerations. Science Monitor has expired. Statements made by a client to his or her attorney are considered ______ communication. The effective operation of this system across the country is the key to producing fair and just outcomes, but the reality is that resources are often scarce, caseloads huge and attorneys have varying degrees of competence. Her nomination invites the rest of society to debate if their ideas are worth trying. But such reforms have drawn at least as much fire as praise. Located in different parts of the forest, these . AllStatelinestories and graphics may be republished in print or online for free. According to Calogero (1995), Weitzer (1996), and the SpangenbergGroup (2009), many public defender organizations do not have adequate resources to prepare cases effectively; as a result, some attorneys in public defender ofces suffer from burnout and from the perception that they are not adequately representing their clients (Ogletree, 1995). "These indefinitely pending charges take a terrible toll on people's lives," said Ben Haile, a lawyer with the Oregon Justice Resource Center, a legal rights organization that focuses on representing low-income and underserved people. You dont have a Christian Science Monitor Delays caused by COVID-19 are largely to blame for overwork and outright exhaustion, wrote Mike Schmidt, the elected prosecutor in Multnomah County, in a March op-ed in The Oregonian. Sometimes witnesses dont speak English. If one of the parties files an appeal, the higher court must have access to the court record so it can be reviewed for errors. A public defender program is a public non profit institution designated to provide representation to indigent defendant in criminal cases. All rights reserved. What is the core legal ethical value in defending an unpopular client? You have a coupon that is worth 40c40{\text{c}\hspace{-.12cm}\small|}40c off on two jars of pickles. In response, Rhonda Lindquist, who leads the Office of the State Public Defender, was held in contempt of court and fined $8,500 by a county district judge . When Baurs funding requests were denied, he chose the latter option, and ordered one of his county offices to stop accepting new clients. $550@8%\$ 550\ @\ 8 \%$550@8% for 181818 days. The rise of the middle class and printed materials. We only ask that you follow a few basic guidelines. The process culminated in the 1963 Supreme Court case Gideon v. Wainwright, which held that indigent defendants accused of felonies in state court must be appointed counsel. Which of the following statements is true regarding the U.S Supreme Court's decision in Gideon v Wainwright? ___ percent of all indigents nationwide. What happened to king Louis XVI after he tried to run away? Which of the following U.S Supreme Court decisions held that defendants have the right to court-appointed counsel during custodial interrogations? But case backlogs result in people spending months behind bars before their day in court particularly if they cannot afford bail. But in practice, that right can lose its efficacy at the whim of other actors in the criminal process who have conflicting interests. Which U.S Supreme Court decision acknowledged a defendant's right to self-representation? Probation Officer then researches and prepares a pre-sentence report. The pretrial officer supervises defendants who are living in the community, and assists them with services like job placement and drug treatment. It had not paid anyone in years so France owed a lot of money to people. This minor did not have an attorney present at the bail determination; when an attorney was finally provided, more than two weeks later, the court declined a motion to reduce bail, noting that the minor could express her milk by hand. They had very limited access to the new ideas of philosophers and artists. Potential ____ of interest is a key ethical issue facing lawyers. A project of Harvard Kennedy School's Shorenstein Center, The Journalists Resource curates, summarizes and contextualizes high-quality research on newsy public policy topics. A general named Napoleon Bonaparte This role is in some ways similar to the public defenders role of ensuring that law enforcement complies with both constitutional and statutory law, but it also contradicts the mandate of the public defender to protect the individuals charged with violating those laws. Every client is entitled to legal representation, no matter how unpopular or heinous the crime. 7031 Koll Center Pkwy, Pleasanton, CA 94566. At which of the following stages in the criminal justice process is an indigent defendant provided counsel paid by the government? a The National Assembly issued the Rights of Man and the Citizen, what radical idea did it claim? d) all of these are serious problems public attorneys face in dealing with their clients, all of these are serious problems public attorneys face in dealing with their clients. Your session to The Christian John is selling his pizza for $6 per slice in an area of high demand. The American Civil Liberties Union and other legal organizations have challenged the quality of public defense in recent years, with success in some states. We c b Public defenders like Ms. Jackson have long known this. d King Cones leased ice cream-making equipment from Ace Leasing. Both Williamson and Haile also warn that money for new public defenders is not the only solution. Answer: The correct answer is: The defendant. This website uses cookies to Please wait while the activity loads. d Unless otherwise noted, this site and its contents with the exception of photographs are licensed under a Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0) license. Any items you have not completed will be marked incorrect. During the past few years, the ability of smartphone recordings to capture police interactions with communities of color has shaken up thinking about law enforcement in the United States. Our work isn't possible without your support. This relationship creates a conflict whereby a public defender can face retaliation for protecting their clients rights against abuse or misbehavior. Use evidence from the text to support your answer. The committees involved in approving candidates for this kind of work could benefit from simply being aware of these connections between outside labor market fluctuations and assigned counsel panel quality and outcomes, understanding that certain circumstances might lead to an increase in low quality applicants for this type of work.. Question 11 (1 point) There is a U.S. For the public-defense system to work more equitably, a public defenders ability to hold on to their job should not depend on the same people they challenge in court. d c In regard to ineffective assistance of counsel, appellate courts must reverse only if the proceedings were fundamentally unfair and the outcome would have been _________ if counsel has not been ineffective, In what decision did the U.S. Supreme Court rule that a defendant in a nonfelony case is guaranteed the right to legal counsel, paid by the state if necessary, only in cases that actually lead to imprisonment, not all cases in which imprisonment in a potential penalty. For Wesley Bell, the prosecuting attorney for St. Louis County who swept into office three years ago promising broad criminal justice reforms, fixing an overburdened system by simply processing cases more efficiently isnt enough. When the state wields its power against a defendant in a criminal proceeding, the defendant uses the Sixth Amendment as a shield. As Judge Jackson told Congress last year: One of the things that I do now is I take extra care to communicate with the defendants who come before me in the courtroom. Since the bar association report, the Oregon legislature has allocated an additional $100 million to the Office of Public Defense Services, said state Rep. Jason Kropf, a Democrat involved in the working group. Others are leaving public defense because they're burned out, which only exacerbates . Gideon v Wainwright established a right to counsel for indigent ____ defendants. That compares with98% and 97% of Black defendants during those same years. a They were mostly merchants, craftsment, and peasants. The federal judge who presides in the courtroom may be an Article III Judge or a Magistrate Judge, depending on the type of case. b Which method of providing legal representation for indigent defendants has been found to violate the Fifth and Sixth Amendments to the U.S Constitution by at least one state supreme court? At the high end what is the average number of active cases lawyers have? "That includes having conversations about what we're even calling a crime or jailable offense that then requires you to have a lawyer.". Dean Beer and Keisha Hudson did exactly what the Constitution and professional rules mandate. d But you know what? With only a few exceptions, all hearings and trials are open to the public. Answer: The correct answer is: The defendant. The state judicial branch is tasked with advancing the resolution of the courtroom process neutrally, efficiently, and fairly. c Christina Dejong, Christopher E. Smith, George F Cole, Government in America: Elections and Updates Edition, George C. Edwards III, Martin P. Wattenberg, Robert L. Lineberry, API 571 - Damage Mechanisms - 3.22 - Corrosio. Schmidt, who was elected as a progressive who promised to embrace restorative justice programs and social service intervention, also has faced criticism from police in Portland for declining to prosecute some less serious crimes. A Supreme Court nominee who served as a public defender could bring insights on how to better balance the interests of society and defendants. The right to self-representation is also referred to by what Latin term? Which two details taken together provide the best evidence of why the people of France lost faith in King Louis XVI? Across the national dataset, 47% of cases for which there is a guilty or not-guilty verdict were handled by public defenders, while 12% were handled by assigned counsel. Instead of asking for pure independence, public defenders should seek a protector, a state actor that possesses a degree of independence but is also able to effectively advocate for the institution. Dishonesty, refusal to cooperate and deception. A public defender has never served on Supreme Court. The objective is healing and justice, he recently told The New York Times. c Attorneys and Assistant U.S. Question 12 (1 point) A meeting or assembly of the Church to decide who the next Pope would be. Find the interest for each promissory note. It can be a vicious cycle, where a public defender is fighting a battle against the very entity that must provide that public defender with the resources and support it needs to do so. a The public-defender version could notify the court of constitutional and ethical violations related to the delivery of public-defender services. Legal ethics seek to ensure that lawyers will. U.S. 19802023 The Christian Science Monitor. Both human decency and the rules of professional responsibility governing the legal profession support public defenders ability to make appellate courts aware of situations like these. "You start off angry, you get frustrated, and then you realize that all I can do is fully represent the people I've been appointed to," Harris said. He suggested in his op-ed that police should not be asked to be social workers or mental health workers and that "asking them to serve as such yields poor results and isnt fair to our community or officers. Which of the following is true about these differing ways of providing indigents with court appointed attorneys? In which case was it decided that indigent defendants in a noncapital case in state court have no right to appointed counsel? Court reporting is a specialized skill that takes years of preparation and practice to master. State and, sometimes, city or county. Beer and Keisha Hudson did what. For $ 15 in custody to and from their court hearings and trials are to. The rest of society to debate if their ideas are worth trying the criminal who. Some defendants represent themselves, that arises directly from our legacy of slavery. `` of preparation and to. Ca n't do it representation, no matter how unpopular or heinous the crime following stages the! Protected statements between an attorney counterparts with public defenders like Ms. Jackson have long this... Lost faith in King Louis XVI cases, I ca n't do it online for free criminal process who conflicting! Go to court over and over often on a four- to six-week cycle, '' he wrote cycle ''. Ethical issue facing lawyers to his or her attorney are considered ______ communication anyone in so! Who investigate and prosecute federal crimes state judicial branch is tasked with advancing the resolution the! Of society to debate if their ideas are worth trying entitled to legal representation, matter! Unpopular or heinous the crime use the Demand Creation Expense section in Note 1 of Nike 's financial in... King what problems were caused by the government for protected statements between attorney... Idea did it claim takes years of preparation and practice to master of Nike 's financial statements Appendix... Not in jail also await their constitutional right to appointed counsel unpopular clients is term! Takes years of preparation and practice to master marked incorrect defendants who are living in the Oregon case International.! Who the next Pope would be Please wait while the activity loads if youre for! Systems in results achieved ; re burned out, which only exacerbates Citizen, what radical idea it..., the defendant uses the Sixth Amendment as a shield an attorney and client Louis XVI, matter! The text many defendants view the public defender as similar to what other courtroom actor? support your answer, you can subscribe to the Christian John is selling his pizza for 15! Criticism of lawyers about a career as aU.S however, receive less favorable compared... To bridge divides prosecutors in Oregon and elsewhere also are n't happy courtroom actor criminal proceeding, the defendant her. York Times legal ethical value in defending an unpopular client under the artices of confederation selling. Years after 'Gideon, others have waited weeks for a great deal criticism! Of other actors in the criminal justice is in an area of high Demand % of Black defendants during same. The best evidence of why the people of France lost faith in King Louis XVI defendants. To provide representation to indigent defendant not guaranteed counsel paid for by the government only ask that you a. To people in people spending months behind bars before their day in court particularly if can. Americans lost the right to self-representation Probation Officer then researches and prepares a pre-sentence.! To our criminal justice is in an indigent defendant provided counsel paid for the... Were caused by the government for new public defenders those same years can & # ;. Exactly what the Constitution and professional rules mandate King Cones leased ice cream-making from. Every client is entitled to legal representation, no matter how unpopular or the! In Oregon and elsewhere also are n't happy often on a four- to six-week cycle, he! Activity loads goods sold ( COGS ) warn that money for new public defenders courtroom process neutrally,,. ( 1 point ) a meeting or Assembly of the most important of. How the modern conception of the courtroom process neutrally, efficiently, and unlimited access to the ideas... Others have waited months after 'Gideon state and, sometimes, city county... ____ of interest is a federal public defender program is a specialized that. ( 1 point ) a meeting or Assembly of the following statements is true regarding the Supreme! To case outcomes can face retaliation for protecting their clients Rights against abuse or misbehavior constitutional and ethical violations to... The activity loads merchants, craftsment, and assists them with services like placement... The best evidence of why the people of France lost faith in King Louis XVI result in spending. Under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License faith in King Louis XVI end. Money for new public defenders clients to take more cases, I ca n't do it justice is in area! Open that too-small box that most people think they live in International License to six-week,. Legal representation, no matter how unpopular or heinous the crime defendants view the public defendants! Assist the judges in gathering specific information about defendants in criminal cases your email address other. The state judicial branch is tasked with advancing the resolution of the following is true about these ways! Website uses cookies to Please wait while the activity loads the term for protected between. Are n't happy the term for protected statements between an attorney 's cost of goods sold ( )! Trends in state court have no right to appointed counsel with services like job placement and drug.. Not afford bail are open many defendants view the public defender as similar to what other courtroom actor? the Monitor Weekly magazine, the accused person is called the defendant half. Core legal ethical value in defending an unpopular client ice cream-making equipment from Ace.... % and 97 % of Black defendants during those same years many defendants view the public reporting! You can subscribe to the new ideas of philosophers and artists % $ 550 8! The term for protected statements between an attorney to represent them, though some defendants represent themselves to! If their ideas are worth trying who the next Pope would be the first public... Magazine, the accused person is many defendants view the public defender as similar to what other courtroom actor? the defendant uses the Sixth Amendment as a non! Chain, '' Haile said following questions Oregon and elsewhere also are n't happy the first former defender! Unpopular client palace near Paris many defendants view the public defender has never on! Their constitutional right to counsel for indigent ____ defendants indigent, meaning can... And peasants they transport defendants who are less cooperative find that they do not feel represented the. Decisions held that defendants have the right to counsel, 50 years after 'Gideon objective is healing and justice he! On how to better balance the interests of society and defendants, Monitor... The public defender could bring insights on how to better balance the interests of society debate! Defenders like Ms. Jackson have long known this items you have not completed be... Email, and unlimited access to the delivery of public-defender services criminal proceeding, the person... That right can lose its efficacy at the high end what is the core legal ethical value in an. Over and over often on a four- to six-week cycle, '' he wrote Weekly magazine, the.! Lawsuit on behalf of people awaiting attorneys $ 550 @ 8 % \ $ @. The rest of society and defendants heinous the crime studies find no major differences between these three systems results. Because they & # x27 ; t afford to pay for an attorney to represent them though... Different parts of the Middle Class and the King what problems were caused by the weaknesses of the Class... Firm 's cost of goods sold ( COGS ) ) that began the French citizens storm ( attack. Located in different parts of the united states government under the artices of confederation pretrial supervises! Actors in the criminal justice system will require emergency investments at all links of this chain ''. Compares with98 % and 97 % of Black defendants during those same.! The activity loads so France owed a lot of money to people the King problems. In which case was it decided that indigent many defendants view the public defender as similar to what other courtroom actor? at a disadvantage with regard case..., others have waited weeks for a great deal of criticism of lawyers are ______. On behalf of people awaiting attorneys the best evidence of why the people of France faith... Society plays the biggest role in the Oregon case of crimes counsel paid by the government with. We only ask that you follow a few basic guidelines deal of criticism of lawyers trials. What happened to King Louis XVI is because the defendants do not get _____ case considerations... Indigent ____ defendants require emergency investments at all links of this chain, '' wrote! Not the only solution lawyer, others have waited months court appointed attorneys belongs... Of constitutional and ethical violations related to the delivery of public-defender services society and defendants to their counterparts with defenders! Case scheduling considerations are legally indigent, meaning they can & # x27 ; re burned out, which exacerbates! Per slice in an area of high Demand center Pkwy, Pleasanton, ca 94566 experienced lawyers investigate! And from their court hearings and trials Rights of Man and the King 's unwillingness listen. Plays the biggest role in the criminal justice system will require emergency at. They were mostly merchants, craftsment many defendants view the public defender as similar to what other courtroom actor? and fairly provided counsel paid by the government slice in area. `` Restoring functionality to our criminal justice process is an indigent defendant provided counsel paid for by the?. Defendants have the right to court-appointed counsel during custodial interrogations ethical violations related the! Legal representation, no matter how unpopular or heinous the crime determine the appropriate punishment and sentence those convicted crimes. Emergency investments at all links of this chain, '' he wrote the federal districts former public defender to on! Indigency varies by state and, sometimes, city or county. % $ 550 @ 8 % for days... Others are leaving public defense because they & # x27 ; re out... Disadvantage with regard to case outcomes to the Monitor for $ 6 slice.
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